1 |
Al-Fatiha |
ٱلْفَاتِحَة
al-Fātiḥah al Hamd |
The Opening, The Opening of the Divine Writ, The Essence of the Divine Writ, The Surah of Praise, The Foundation of the Qur’an, andThe Seven Oft-Repeated [Verses] |
7 (1) |
Makkah |
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- The “seed” of the whole Qur’ān
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1 |
2 |
Al-Baqarah |
ٱلْبَقَرَة
al-Baq̈arah |
The Calf, The Cow |
286 (40) |
Madinah |
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- The necessity of God-consciousness.
- The error(s) committed by followers of earlier revelations.
- Legal ordinances (ethics, social relations, warfare etc.).
- Ibrahim.
- Kaaba.
- Ayatul Kursi. (v. 255)
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1-3 |
3 |
Al Imran |
آلِ عِمْرَان
ʾĀl ʿImrān |
The Family of Imraan, The House of ʿImrān |
200 (20) |
Madinah |
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- The human nature of Isa.
- The oneness of Allah.
- Man’s faith and temptations.
- The Battle of Uhud (3 AH).
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3-4 |
4 |
An-Nisa |
ٱلنِّسَاء
an-Nisāʾ |
The Women |
176 (24) |
Madinah |
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- Unity of the human race and the mutual obligations of men and women towards one another. (v. 1)
- Rights of women.
- Questions related to family life (including marriage and inheritance).
- Peace and war.
- Relations of believers with unbelievers.
- Striving in the Cause of Allah (Jihad). (v. 95-97)
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4-6 |
5 |
Al-Ma’idah |
ٱلْمَائِدَة
al-Māʾidah |
The Food, The Repast, The Table |
120 (16) |
Madinah |
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- A series of ordinances (incl. Religious rites and social obligations).
- Corruption of the original message of the Injil by Jews and Christians. (v. 68-77, 116-118)
- Jesus’ disciples asked God to send them a table from heaven
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6-7 |
6 |
Al-An’am |
ٱلْأَنْعَام
al-ʾAnʿām |
The Cattle |
165 (20) |
Makkah |
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- This sūrah dwells on such themes as rejecting polytheism and unbelief, the establishment of Tawhīd, the Revelation, Messengership, and Resurrection.
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7-8 |
7 |
Al-A’raf |
ٱلْأَعْرَاف
al-ʾAʿrāf |
The Heights, The Faculty of Discernment |
206 (24) |
Makkah |
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- The mission of the prophets.
- Adam, Hawwa and Iblis. (v. 16-25)
- Stories of Nuh, Hud, Salih, Lut, Shuáyb and Musa. (v. 59-171)
- Allah’s Covenant with humanity. (v. 172)
- What happens to those who discard Allah’s message. (v. 175)
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8-9 |
8 |
Al-Anfal |
ٱلْأَنْفَال
al-ʾAnfāl |
The Spoils of War |
75 (10) |
Madinah |
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- The Battle of Badr and the lessons that are to be taken from it
- Instructs believers in topics such us jihād, hijrah, the law of war, treaties, gains of war, patience, mutual helping and solidarity, and reliance on God.
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9-10 |
9 |
At-Tawbah |
ٱلتَّوْبَة
at-Tawbah |
The Repentance |
129 (16) |
Madinah |
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- Problems of war between believers and their enemies.
- The expedition to Tabuk (9 A.H.).
- Prohibition of intercalation in the Islamic lunar calendar(v. 37)
- Those who cannot attain to faith. (v. 124-127)
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10-11 |
10 |
Yunus |
يُونُس
al-Yūnus |
Jonah |
109 (11) |
Makkah |
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- The revelation of the Qur’an to Muhammad (not Muhammad’s own work). (v. 15-17, 37-38, 94)
- References to earlier prophets.
- Fundamental tenets of Islam.
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11 |
11 |
Hud |
هُود
Hūd |
Hud |
123 (10) |
Makkah |
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- The revelation of God’s will through his prophets.
- More stories of earlier prophets.
- Just dealings between men.
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11-12 |
12 |
Yusuf |
يُوسُف
Yūsuf |
Joseph |
111 (12) |
Makkah |
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- The story of the prophet Joseph (as an illustration of God’s unfathomable direction of men’s affairs).
- Tells us of the truth contained in dreams
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12-13 |
13 |
Ar-Ra’d |
ٱلرَّعْد
ar-Raʿd |
The Thunder |
43 (6) |
Madinah |
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- The essentials of faith, and the arguments for faith found in “nature” and humanity.
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13 |
14 |
Ibrahim |
إِبْرَاهِيم
ʾIbrāhīm |
Abraham |
52 (7) |
Makkah |
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- In verse 5, Moses’ mission
- Declares that the Qur’ān was sent to Muhammad to lead humankind out of the depths of darkness into the light, thus stressing the universality of his mission.
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15 |
Al-Hijr |
ٱلْحِجْر
al-Ḥijr |
The Rocky Tract, The Stoneland, The Rock City, Al-Hijr |
99 (6) |
Makkah |
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- The evidence of God’s Existence and Oneness, and the Divine authorship of the Qur’ān.
- The exemplary events of previous peoples.
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14 |
16 |
An-Nahl |
ٱلنَّحْل
an-Naḥl |
The Honey Bees, The Bee |
128 (16) |
Makkah |
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- God’s creativeness:
- Manifested in the instincts of the bee.
- Culmination: Guidance through his revealed word.
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17 |
Al-Isra |
ٱلْإِسْرَاء
al-ʾIsrāʾ |
The Night Journey |
111 (12) |
Makkah |
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- Muhammad’s Night journey from Mecca to Jerusalem.
- The children of Israel. (v. 2-8, 101-104)
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15 |
18 |
Al-Kahf |
ٱلْكَهْف
al-Kahf |
The Cave |
110 (12) |
Makkah |
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- A series of parables or allegories on the theme of faith in God versus excessive attachment to the life of this world. Including:
- The men of the cave. (v. 13-20)
- The rich man and the poor man. (v. 32-44)
- Moses and the unnamed sage. (v. 60-82)
- The allegory of Dhu’l-Qarnayn, the Two-Horned One’. (v. 83-98)
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15-16 |
19 |
Maryam |
مَرْيَم
Maryam |
Mary |
98 (6) |
Makkah |
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- The story of Zachariah and his son John, the precursor of Jesus. (v. 2-15)
- The story of Mary and Jesus. (v. 16-37)
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16 |
20 |
Ta-Ha |
طه
Ṭāʾ Hāʾ |
Ṭāʾ Hāʾ (a name of Muhammad) |
135 (8) |
Makkah |
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- The guidance offered by God through his prophets.
- The fundamental truths inherent in all revealed religions are identical.
- The story of Moses. (v. 9-98)
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21 |
Al-Anbiya |
ٱلْأَنْبِيَاء
al-ʾAnbiyāʾ |
The Prophets |
112 (7) |
Makkah |
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- The oneness, uniqueness and transcendence of God.
- The continuity and intrinsic unity of all divine revelation.
- Stories of the prophets of old. (v. 48-91)
- The believers of all faiths belong to one single community. (v. 92)
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17 |
22 |
Al-Hajj |
ٱلْحَجّ
al-Ḥajj |
The Pilgrimage, The Hajj |
78 (10) |
Madinah |
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- The Mecca pilgrimage and some of the rituals connected with it. (v. 25-38)
- It warns new believers, who might waver and be unwilling to persevere through some of the hardships that accepting a new faith naturally entails.
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23 |
Al-Mu’minun |
ٱلْمُؤْمِنُون
al-Muʾminūn |
The Believers |
118 (6) |
Makkah |
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- True faith.
- The evidence of the existence of an almighty Creator, and man’s ultimate responsibility before Him.
- The unity of all religious communities, broken by man’s egotism, greed and striving after power. (v. 52-53)
- The impossibility to believe in God, without believing in life after death.
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18 |
24 |
An-Nur |
ٱلنُّور
an-Nūr |
The Light |
64 (9) |
Madinah |
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- Rules concerning relations between the sexes, and members of a family and society
- The mystic parable of the ‘light of God’ (“Verse of Light”). (v. 35)
- Declaring the chastity and innocence of ‘Â’ishah
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25 |
Al-Furqan |
ٱلْفُرْقَان
al-Furq̈ān |
The Criterion, The Standard, The Standard of True and False |
77 (6) |
Makkah |
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- The purpose of every divine revelation is to provide a stable criterion of true and false.
- The humanness of every apostle sent by God to man. (v. 20)
- Divine revelation belongs to God’s creative activity.
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18-19 |
26 |
Ash-Shu’ara |
ٱلشُّعَرَاء
aš-Šuʿarāʾ |
The Poets |
227 (11) |
Makkah |
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- It rejects the Makkans’ claim that the Messenger was a poet and that the Qur’ān is the work of a poet.
- Man’s weakness, which causes him to reject God’s message and worship power and wealth etc.
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19 |
27 |
An-Naml |
ٱلنَّمْل
an-Naml |
The Ant, The Ants |
93 (7) |
Makkah |
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- The legend of king Solomon and queen of Sheba.
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19-20 |
28 |
Al-Qasas |
ٱلْقَصَص
al-Q̈aṣaṣ |
The Narrations, The Stories, The Story |
88 (9) |
Makkah |
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- Concerned with the Prophet Moses’ life and mission
- Contains glad tidings for God’s Messenger
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20 |
29 |
Al-Ankabut |
ٱلْعَنْكَبُوت
al-ʿAnkabūt |
The Spider |
69 (7) |
Makkah |
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- The parable of ‘the spider house’, a symbol of false beliefs that are destined to be blown away by the winds of truth. (v. 41)
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20-21 |
30 |
Ar-Rum |
ٱلرُّوم
ar-Rūm |
The Romans, Rome, Byzantium |
60 (6) |
Makkah |
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- Predictions of the near victory of the Byzantines [over the Persians] and the Battle of Badr (2 A.H.). (v. 1-7)
- God’s ability to resurrect the dead at the end of time, and the people’s ignorance of this.
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21 |
31 |
Luqmaan |
لُقْمَان
Luq̈mān |
Luqman |
34 (4) |
Makkah |
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- Affirming the wisdom of the Qur’ān, and offers pearls of wisdom narrated by Luqman
- Some virtues of the believers
- Presents evidence of God’s Power and Oneness
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32 |
As-Sajda |
ٱلسَّجْدَة
as-Sajdah |
The Prostration, Worship, Adoration |
30 (3) |
Makkah |
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- God’s creation.
- God’s revelation and man’s acceptance or denial.
- The Day of Judgement.
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33 |
Al-Ahzaab |
ٱلْأَحْزَاب
al-ʾAḥzāb |
The Clans, The Confederates, The Combined Forces |
73 (9) |
Madinah |
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- The War of the Confederates (The Battle of the Trench,).
- Introduces laws pertaining to marriage and divorce
- Describes new regulations concerning the law of inheritance and Islamic family life
- The relationship between Muhammad and his family.
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21-22 |
34 |
Saba (surah) |
سَبَأ
Sabaʾ |
Sheba |
54 (6) |
Makkah |
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- Divine Oneness, the afterlife, and Prophethood.
- The story of the people of Sheba, as an example of the impermanence of human power, wealth and glory. (v. 15-20)
- Always be conscious of God. (v. 46)
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22 |
35 |
Faatir |
فَاطِر
Fāṭir |
The Originator |
45 (5) |
Makkah |
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- God’s Oneness, the Hereafter, and the Messengership of Muhammad.
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36 |
Yaseen |
يس
Yāʾ Sīn |
Yāʾ Sīn (a name of Muhammad) |
83 (5) |
Makkah |
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- Man’s moral responsibility, resurrection and God’s judgment.
- To be recited over the dying and in the prayers of the dead.
- Three of the pillars of faith, namely the Divine Oneness, afterlife, and Prophethood
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22-23 |
37 |
As-Saaffaat |
ٱلصَّافَّات
aṣ-Ṣāffāt |
Those Who Set The Ranks, Drawn Up In Ranks, Those Ranged in Ranks |
182 (5) |
Makkah |
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- Emphasizes the afterlife and the Last Judgment.
- Man’s constant need of prophetic guidance.
- Stories of earlier prophets.
- The angels’ duties and the jinn
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23 |
38 |
Saad |
ص
Ṣād |
Ṣād |
88 (5) |
Makkah |
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- Divine guidance and its rejection by those who are lost in fast pride.
- It warns those who oppose the preaching of the Messenger.
- Gives examples from the experiences of earlier Messengers.
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39 |
Az-Zumar |
ٱلزُّمَر
az-Zumar |
The Companions, The Crowds, The Troops, Throngs |
75 (8) |
Makkah |
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- The evidence of the existence and oneness of God in all manifestations of nature.
- God forgives all sins to him who repents before his death.
- Allegories of the Last Hour and the Day of Judgment.
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23-24 |
40 |
Al-Mumin or
Ghafir |
غَافِر
Ghāfir |
The Believer, The Forgiver (God), Forgiving |
85 (9) |
Makkah |
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- Man’s false pride, worship of false values (wealth, power etc.) and his denial of divine guidance.
- Stories of earlier prophets.
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24 |
41 |
Fussilat |
فُصِّلَت
Fuṣṣilat |
Expounded, Explained In Detail, Clearly Spelled Out |
54 (6) |
Makkah |
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- Man’s acceptance or rejection of divine revelation.
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24-25 |
42 |
Ash-Shooraa |
ٱلشُّورىٰ
aš-Šūrā |
The Consultation |
53 (5) |
Makkah |
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- God is undefinable and unfathomable. (v. 11, 16)
- All prophets taught the oneness of God, so all believers of all ‘denominations’ should see themselves as ‘one single community’. (v. 13, 15)
- The law of cause and effect: In the life to come man will only harvest ‘what his own hands have wrought’ in this world.
|
25 |
43 |
Az-Zukhruf |
ٱلْزُّخْرُف
az-Zukhruf |
The Gold Adornments, The Ornaments of Gold, Luxury, Gold |
89 (7) |
Makkah |
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- Concentrates on some of the fundamentals of faith, namely God’s Oneness, Divine Messengership, and the afterlife; and it rejects certain false beliefs of ignorance, such as attributing daughters to God.
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44 |
Ad-Dukhaan |
ٱلدُّخَان
ad-Dukhān |
The Smoke |
59 (3) |
Makkah |
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- Through revelation worldly pride is eventually brought to naught.
- Concentrates upon the Qur’ān’s Divine authorship, on God’s being the unique Creator and Lord of the whole universe
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45 |
Al-Jaathiyah |
ٱلْجَاثِيَة
al-Jāthiyah |
The Kneeling Down, Crouching |
37 (4) |
Makkah |
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- Draws attention to God’s signs in the universe
- Cites many of God’s favors to humankind
- The history of the Children of Israel
|
46 |
Al-Ahqaaf |
ٱلْأَحْقَاف
al-ʾAḥq̈āf |
Winding Sand-tracts, The Dunes, The Sand-Dunes |
35 (4 1/2) |
Makkah |
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- Warning the disbelievers of their miserable fate, and reassuring the believers of their salvation.
- Presents some of the concrete proofs of the Messengership of the Prophet Muhammad
|
26 |
47 |
Muhammad |
مُحَمَّد
Muḥammad |
Muhammad |
38 (4) |
Madinah |
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- It deals with such matters as fighting, the treatment of prisoners of war, the distribution of the spoils of war
- Instructions for Muslims to be virtuous to their parents.
- The Story of Hud and the punishment of that befell his people.
- Advising Muhammad to be more patient in delivering Islam
|
48 |
Al-Fath |
ٱلْفَتْح
al-Fatḥ |
The Victory, Conquest |
29 (4 1/2) |
Madinah |
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- The Truce of Hudaybiyyah
- Criticizes the attitudes of the hypocrites, continues with further promises to the Muslims, and ends by mentioning certain important virtues of the Muslim Community.
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49 |
Al-Hujuraat |
ٱلْحُجُرَات
al-Ḥujurāt |
The Private Apartments, The Inner Apartments |
18 (2 1/2) |
Madinah |
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|
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- Social ethics.
- Reverence to Muhammad and the righteous leaders after him.
- The brotherhood of all believers and all mankind. (v. 10, 13)
- The difference between true faith and outward observance of religious formalities. (v. 14 ff.)
|
50 |
Qaaf |
ق
Q̈āf |
Q̈āf |
45 (3) |
Makkah |
|
|
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- It mentions many phenomena in the universe that indicate God, and then concentrates on the afterlife.
|
51 |
Adh-Dhaariyaat |
ٱلذَّارِيَات
aḏ-Ḏāriyāt |
The Wind That Scatter, The Winnowing Winds, The Dust-Scattering Winds |
60 (2 1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- It concentrates on the afterlife and God’s Oneness, and warns the unbelievers, reminding them what happened to many previous peoples who had obstinately persisted in unbelief and wrongdoing.
|
26-27 |
52 |
At-Toor |
ٱلطُّور
aṭ-Ṭūr |
The Mount, Mount Sinai |
49 (2 1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- It deals with the confused reactions of the Makkan polytheists to the revelation of the Qur’ān and how they made them look ridiculous.
|
27 |
53 |
An-Najm |
ٱلنَّجْم
an-Najm |
The Star, The Unfolding |
62 (2 1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Muhammad’s experience of an ascension to heaven
- It warns the polytheists about their attitude towards the Qur’ān.
|
54 |
Al-Qamar |
ٱلْقَمَر
al-Q̈amar |
The Moon |
55 (2 1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- The splitting of the moon by a gesture of God’s Messenger
- The people of Noah
- The peoples of Lot
|
55 |
Ar-Rahman |
ٱلرَّحْمَٰن
ar-Raḥmān |
The Most Merciful, The Most Gracious |
78 (3) |
Madinah |
|
|
|
|
- The manifestations of God
- Everything will pass away, except the face of God. (v. 26-27)
- Description of paradise. (v. 46-78)
|
56 |
Al-Waqi’a |
ٱلْوَاقِعَة
al-Wāqiʿah |
The Inevitable, The Event, That Which Must Come to Pass |
96 (3 1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Description of life in the Hereafter for the believers and the disbelievers.
- Proofs of God’s Existence and Oneness, and some characteristics of the Qur’ān.
|
57 |
Al-Hadeed |
ٱلْحَدِيد
al-Ḥadīd |
The Iron |
29 (4) |
Madinah |
|
|
|
|
- It deals with God’s absolute sovereignty, the necessity of sacrifice in God’s cause, and the passing nature of worldly pleasures.
|
58 |
Al-Mujadila |
ٱلْمُجَادِلَة
al-Mujādilah |
The Pleading, The Pleading Woman |
22 (3 1/2) |
Madinah |
|
|
|
|
- Divorce.
- Faith and denial.
- Hypocrisy.
- The attitude believers should have toward non-believers.
|
28 |
59 |
Al-Hashr |
ٱلْحَشْر
al-Ḥašr |
The Mustering, The Gathering, Exile, Banishment |
24 (3 1/2) |
Madinah |
|
|
|
|
- The conflict between the Muslim community and the Jewish tribe of Banu’n-Nadir of Medina.
|
60 |
Al-Mumtahanah |
ٱلْمُمْتَحَنَة
al-Mumtaḥanah |
The Examined One, She That Is To Be Examined |
13 (2 1/2) |
Madinah |
|
|
|
|
- The believers’ relations with unbelievers.
|
61 |
As-Saff |
ٱلصَّفّ
aṣ-Ṣaff |
The Ranks, Battle Array |
14 (1 1/2 |
Madinah |
|
|
|
|
- A call to unity between professed belief and actual behaviour.
- It stresses the importance of striving hard in the cause of God after faith.
|
62 |
Al-Jumu’ah |
ٱلْجُمُعَة
al-Jumuʿah |
Congregation, Friday |
11 (1 1/2 |
Madinah |
|
|
|
|
- Obligatory congregational prayer on Friday.
|
63 |
Al-Munafiqoon |
ٱلْمُنَافِقُون
al-Munāfiq̈ūn |
The Hypocrites |
11 (1 1/2) |
Madinah |
|
|
|
|
- It reveals the inner world of the hypocrites and their plots against Islam.
|
64 |
At-Taghabun |
ٱلتَّغَابُن
at-Taghābun |
The Cheating, The Mutual Disillusion, The Mutual Loss and Gain, Loss and Gain |
18 (2) |
Madinah |
|
|
|
|
- Concentrates on faith in God and the Hereafter
|
65 |
At-Talaq |
ٱلطَّلَاق
aṭ-Ṭalāq̈ |
Divorce |
12 (2) |
Madinah |
|
|
|
|
- Divorce (waiting period, remarriage).
|
66 |
At-Tahreem |
ٱلتَّحْرِيم
at-Taḥrīm |
The Prohibition |
12 (2) |
Madinah |
|
|
|
|
- Certain aspects of Muhammad’s personal and family life.
|
67 |
Al-Mulk |
ٱلْمُلْك
al-Mulk |
The Dominion, Sovereignty, Control |
30 (1 1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Man’s inability to understand the mysteries of the universe, and his dependence on guidance through divine revelation.
- The manifestation of Gods’ absolute perfection in creation through the fine tuning of the universe.
|
29 |
68 |
Al-Qalam |
ٱلْقَلَم
al-Q̈alam |
The Pen |
52 (2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- It categorically refutes some allegations of the polytheists against God’s Messenger.
- It cites the perfect character of the Messenger
|
69 |
Al-Haaqqa |
ٱلْحَاقَّة
al-Ḥāq̈q̈ah |
The Sure Reality, The Laying-Bare of the Truth |
52 (2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Draws attention to the Day of Resurrection and Judgment
- The Divine origin of the Qur’ān and the Prophethood of Muhammad
|
70 |
Al-Ma’aarij |
ٱلْمَعَارِج
al-Maʿārij |
The Ways of Ascent, The Ascending Stairways |
44 (1 1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- The unwillingness to believe, caused by the restlessness inherent in human nature.
|
71 |
Nooh |
نُوح
Nūḥ |
Noah |
28 (1 1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- The story of Noah.
- The struggle against blind materialism and the lack of spiritual values.
|
72 |
Al-Jinn |
ٱلْجِنّ
al-Jinn |
The Jinn, The Spirits, The Unseen Beings |
28 (2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Emphasizes God’s absolute Oneness and the Messengership of Muhammad
|
73 |
Al-Muzzammil |
ٱلْمُزَّمِّل
al-Muzzammil |
The Enfolded One, The Enshrouded One, Bundled Up, The Enwrapped One |
20 (1 1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Loosening the strict regulation on night prayer.
|
74 |
Al-Muddaththir |
ٱلْمُدَّثِّر
al-Muddathir |
The One Wrapped Up, The Cloaked One, The Man Wearing A Cloak, The Enfolded One |
56 (2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- This short early surah outlines almost all fundamental Qur’anic concepts.
- Gods’ promise of eternal damnation for the disbelievers.
|
75 |
Al-Qiyamah |
ٱلْقِيَامَة
al-Q̈iyamah |
Resurrection, The Day of Resurrection, Rising Of The Dead |
40 (1) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- The concept of resurrection.
|
76 |
Al-Insaan |
ٱلْإِنْسَان
al-ʾInsān |
The Human, Man |
31 (2) |
Madinah |
|
|
|
|
- It is about human perfectibility, the virtues of good believers and the reward they will get in the Hereafter.
|
77 |
Al-Mursalaat |
المرسلات ٱلْمُرْسَلَات
al-Mursalāt |
Those Sent Forth, The Emissaries, Winds Sent Forth |
50 (1 1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- The gradual revelation of the Qur’an.
- The functions of some classes of angels
|
78 |
An-Naba’ |
ٱلنَّبَأ
an-Nabaʾ |
The Great News, The Announcement, The Tiding |
40 (1 1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Life after death.
- Resurrection and God’s ultimate judgment.
|
30 |
79 |
An-Naazi’aat |
ٱلنَّازِعَات
an-Nāziʿāt |
Those Who Tear Out, Those Who Drag Forth, Soul-snatchers, Those That Rise |
46 (1 1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- It reminds us of death, warns against those who deny the afterlife.
|
80 |
Abasa |
عَبَسَ
ʿAbasa |
He Frowned |
42 (1) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- It stresses that everyone, whatever their family origin or social status, is equal with respect to the communication of God’s Message
|
81 |
At-Takweer |
ٱلتَّكْوِير
at-Takwīr |
The Folding Up, The Overthrowing, Shrouding in Darkness |
29 (1) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- The Last Hour and man’s resurrection.
|
82 |
Al-Infitar |
ٱلْإِنْفِطَار
al-ʾInfiṭār |
The Cleaving Asunder, Bursting Apart |
19 (1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Draws attention to the Hereafter
|
83 |
Al-Mutaffifeen |
ٱلْمُطَفِّفِين
al-Muṭaffifīn |
The Dealers in Fraud, Defrauding, The Cheats, Those Who Give Short Measure |
36 (1) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- It explains enjoins honesty in dealings and presents some aspects of the afterlife.
|
84 |
Al-Inshiqaaq |
ٱلْإِنْشِقَاق
al-ʾInšiq̈āq̈ |
The Rending Asunder, The Sundering, Splitting Open, The Splitting Asunder |
25 (1) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Warns people concerning God’s supreme Power
|
85 |
Al-Burooj |
ٱلْبُرُوج
al-Burūj |
The Mansions Of The Stars, The Constellations, The Great Constellations |
22 (1) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Calls the believers to patience in the face of the persecutions
|
86 |
At-Taariq |
ٱلطَّارِق
aṭ-Ṭāriq̈ |
The Night-Visitant, The Morning Star, The Nightcomer, That Which Comes in the Night |
17 (1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Concentrates on the Resurrection
|
87 |
Al-A’laa |
ٱلْأَعْلَىٰ
al-ʾAʿlā |
The Most High, The All-Highest, Glory To Your Lord In The Highest |
19 (1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- God’s Power and Unity and the Revelation
|
88 |
Al-Ghaashiyah |
ٱلْغَاشِيَة
al-Ghāšiyah |
The Overwhelming Event, The Overshadowing Event, The Pall |
26 (1) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- The hardships and punishment the unbelievers will suffer in the Hereafter
|
89 |
Al-Fajr |
ٱلْفَجْر
al-Fajr |
The Break of Day, The Daybreak, The Dawn |
30 (1) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Ancient peoples
- Human nature and the wisdom of God’s testing humans
|
90 |
Al-Balad |
ٱلْبَلَد
al-Balad |
The City, The Land |
20 (1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Invites people to help one another and prepare for the next life
|
91 |
Ash-Shams |
ٱلشَّمْس
aš-Šams |
The Sun |
15 (1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Attention a basic feature of humankind, namely its being created with a disposition or capacity to do both good and evil
|
92 |
Al-Layl |
ٱللَّيْل
al-Layl |
The Night |
21 (1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Do the things for salvation and avoid the things for perdition
|
93 |
Ad-Dhuha |
ٱلضُّحَىٰ
aḍ-Ḍuḥā |
The Glorious Morning Light, The Forenoon, Morning Hours, Morning Bright, The Bright Morning Hours |
11 (1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Man’s suffering and God’s justice.
- A message of hope and consolation is given to man from Allah’s past mercies.
- Man is bidden to pursue the path of goodness and proclaim the bounties of Allah.
- Prophecy regarding the good future for Muhammad.
|
94 |
Ash-Sharh (Al-Inshirah) |
ٱلشَّرْح
aš-Šarḥ |
The Expansion of Breast, Solace, Consolation, Relief, Patient, The Opening-Up of the Heart |
8 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- God’s favors upon the Messenger
|
95 |
At-Teen |
ٱلتِّين
at-Tīn |
The Fig Tree, The Fig |
8 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- A fundamental moral verity, common to all true religious teachings.
|
96 |
Al-Alaq |
ٱلْعَلَق
al-ʿAlaq̈ |
The Clinging Clot, Clot of Blood, The Germ-Cell |
19 (1/2) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Implies the importance of knowledge, reading, and writing, and warns that people go astray by regarding themselves as being self-sufficient.
|
97 |
Al-Qadr |
ٱلْقَدْر
al-Q̈adr |
The Night of Honor, The Night of Decree, Power, Fate, Destiny |
5 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- The Night of Laylat-ul-Qadr
|
98 |
Al-Bayyinahh |
ٱلْبَيِّنَة
al-Bayyinah |
The Clear Evidence, The Evidence of the Truth |
8 (1) |
Madinah |
|
|
|
|
- God’s Messenger is the clear evidence for the truth of the Message
|
99 |
Az-Zalzalah |
ٱلزَّلْزَلَة
Az-Zalzalah |
The Earthquake |
8 (1/3) |
Madinah |
|
|
|
|
- Events during the Day of Resurrection
|
100 |
Al-‘Aadiyaat |
ٱلْعَادِيَات
al-ʿĀdiyāt |
The Courser, The Chargers, The War Horse |
11 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Praises the vanguards of Islam
- Draws attention to some negative attitudes that exist in human beings
|
101 |
Al-Qaari’ah |
ٱلْقَارِعَة
al-Q̈āriʿah |
The Striking Hour, The Great Calamity, The Stunning Blow, The Sudden Calamity |
11 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- The dreadful occurrences on the Day of Resurrection, and the end of good and evil.
|
102 |
At-Takaathur |
ٱلتَّكَاثُر
at-Takāthur |
The Piling Up, Rivalry in World Increase, Competition, Greed for More and More |
8 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Man’s greed and tendencies.
|
103 |
Al-‘Asr |
ٱلْعَصْر
al-ʿAṣr |
The Time, The Declining Day, The Epoch, The Flight of Time, Success Criteria |
3 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Contains the basic teachings of the Qur’ān in a compacted form
|
104 |
Al-Humazah |
ٱلْهُمَزَة
al-Humazah |
The Scandalmonger, The Traducer, The Gossipmonger, The Slanderer |
9 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- It warns against slandering and defaming, and seeing oneself as being above other people
|
105 |
Al-Feel |
ٱلْفِيل
al-Fīl |
The Elephant |
5 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- The Abyssinian attack against Mecca in the year 570 CE, the Year of the Elephant.
|
106 |
Quraysh |
قُرَيْش
Q̈urayš |
The Quraysh |
4 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- The Quraysh, custodians of the Kaaba, should be thankful to God for protecting them from hunger and danger.
|
107 |
Al-Maa’oon |
ٱلْمَاعُون
al-Maʿūn |
The Neighbourly Assistance, Small Kindnesses, Almsgiving, Assistance |
7 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- The meaning of true worship through sincere devotion and helping those in need.
|
108 |
Al-Kawthar |
ٱلْكَوْثَر
al-Kawthar |
Abundance, Plenty, Good in Abundance |
3 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Spiritual riches through devotion and sacrifice.
- Hatred results in the cutting off of all hope.
|
109 |
Al-Kaafiroon |
ٱلْكَافِرُون
al-Kāfirūn |
The Disbelievers, The Kuffar, Those Who Deny the Truth |
6 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- The correct attitude towards those who reject faith.
|
110 |
An-Nasr |
ٱلنَّصْر
an-Naṣr |
The Help, Divine Support, Victory, Succour |
3 (1/3) |
Madinah |
|
|
|
|
- The last complete surah revealed before Muhammad’s death.
|
111 |
Al-Masad |
ٱلْمَسَد
al-Masad |
The Plaited Rope, The Palm Fibre, The Twisted Strands |
5 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- The hostility of Muhammad’s uncle Abu Lahab.
|
112 |
Al-Ikhlaas |
ٱلْإِخْلَاص
al-ʾIkhlāṣ |
Purity of Faith, The Fidelity, The Declaration of [God’s] Perfection |
4 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
|
113 |
Al-Falaq |
ٱلْفَلَق
al-Falaq̈ |
The Daybreak, Dawn, The Rising Dawn |
5 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Seek refuge in God from evil of others.
|
114 |
Al-Naas |
ٱلنَّاس
an-Nās |
Mankind, Men |
6 (1/3) |
Makkah |
|
|
|
|
- Trust in God’s protection from temptations.
|
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